Interesting biology question.
In order to answer this question, I hope you understand what is mitosis: cell division that creates two diploid "daughter" cells that are identical to each other. Gametes, remember, are the reproductive cells (egg cells and sperm).
If human gametes were made by mitosis, which is not true, because gametes are made in meiosis, they would simply be diploid with somatic cells. The two gametes would have 92 chromosomes, as each cell has 46 chromosomes. And after each generation, the number of chromosomes would keep doubling, which would be very weird. Remember that the normal amount of chromosomes that a human being has, is 46. Maybe humans would have mutations if that happened.
Answer:
A frameshift changes every codon past it. A base substitution only changes one codon.
Explanation:
DNA is comprised of nucleotides (A, C, T, G) that make up amino acids. Every three bases is called a codon and represents an amino acid.
In a frameshift mutation, a nucleotide is either added or deleted from the sequence. This offsets the entire sequence after it because the reading frame shifts. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
If another T is added in between the first and second codons, then every codon after will be changed.
ACT>T<GCTATCGTCATC
A substitution mutation is usually less severe, as it only alters one codon in the sequence. These occur when one nucleotide is replaced by another one. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
Let's say the first G is replaced by a T.
ACT>T<CTATCGTCATC
As you can see, none of the other codons changed.
Typically, a frameshift mutation is considered worse than a substitution mutation.
~Hello there!
Your question: <span>The ______ in lycophytes are called microphylls.
Your answer: </span>The leaves in lycophytes are called microphylls.
Any queries ^?
Happy Studying!
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To act as a catalyst in chemical reactions
