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Serggg [28]
3 years ago
8

Why did United States business interests favor overseas expansion in the late 1800s?

History
1 answer:
Sidana [21]3 years ago
6 0
After the Civil War Americans got busy expanding internally. With the frontier to conquer and virtually unlimited resources, they had little reason to look elsewhere. Americans generally had a high level of disdain for Europe, although wealthy Americans were often educated there and respected European cultural achievements in art, music and literature. Americans also felt secure from external threat because of their geographic isolation between two oceans, which gave them a sense of invulnerability. Until very late in the 19th century Americans remained essentially indifferent to foreign policy and world affairs.


What interests America did have overseas were generally focused in the Pacific and the Caribbean, where trade, transportation and communication issues commanded attention. To the extent that Americans wanted to extend their influence overseas they had two primary goals: pursue favorable trade agreements and alignments and foster the spread of Christian and democratic ideals as they understood them. The isolationism that seemed to work for America began to change late in the century for a variety of reasons. First, the industrial revolution had created challenges that required a broad reassessment of economic policies and conduct. The production of greater quantities of goods, the need for additional sources of raw materials and greater markets-in general the expansive nature of capitalism-all called for Americans to begin to look outward.
<span>

America had always been driven by the idea of "manifest destiny," which was at first the idea that the U.S. was to expand over the whole continent of North America, "from the Isthmus of Panama to the Arctic Circle." While Canada and Mexico seemed impervious to further expansion by Americans, at least there had been the rest of the mainland to fill up. With the ending of the frontier and the completion of the settlement of the West the impulse to further expansion spilled out over America's borders.</span>
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In 1931, Japan invaded and occupied Manchuria, the northeaster region of China.  The invasion followed an explosion that blew up a portion of railroad tracks near the city of Mukden.  (Thus it became known as "The Mukden Incident.")  The railway was owned by the Japanese, who had invested in development in the region.  Japan blamed Chinese nationalists for the explosion, but others thought the bombing may have been done by Japanese military personnel to provide Japan with an excuse for invading and occupying Manchurian territory.  The Japanese declared the region to be a new country, independent of China. which the Japanese called Manchuko.  In reality, the territory was not independent but was controlled by the occupying Japanese army.

At a meeting of the League of Nations in February, 1933, the League voted on a report that officially laid blame for events in Manchuria on Japan.  The report said that Japan should withdraw its troops from Manchuria and restore the country to the governing authority of China.  When the vote was taken regarding the report, on February 24, 1933, every nation represented in the League voted in approval except for Japan.  After the 42 to 1 vote, the leader of Japan's delegation at the League, Yosuke Matsuoka, said:  "The Japanese government is obliged to feel that they have now reached the limit of their endeavors to co-operate with the league regarding Chinese-Japanese differences.  It is a source of profound regret and disappointment to the Japanese government that the draft report has now been adopted by this assembly.  ... Japan finds it impossible to accept the report adopted by the assembly, and she has taken pains to point out that the recommendations in the report cannot be considered such as would secure peace in that part of the world."

Japan officially withdrew from the League of Nations on that day.  In leaving the assembly hall, Matsuoka said, "This means the withdrawal of our delegation from the League.  We are not coming back."  (Reported by United Press International, February 24, 1933.)

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