Answer:
B
Explanation:
As you can see in these 4 examples, B- looks completely different from A, C, D! In B: The reactants and products are completely different in the Element Figures.
Answer:
Increase the concentrations,
Decrease the surface area of NaOH (in case it's solid);
Use a catalyst;
Increase the temperature
Explanation:
Reaction rate depends on:
- the concentration of the reactants: the greater the concentration, the greater the rate, since more particles per unit volume will increase the probability of a successful collision leading to a reaction. We may then increase the concentration of NaOH or vinegar solution;
- the surface area of the solid reactant: in case we have NaOH in solid form, we may decrease the size of the crystals to increase the reaction rate. This is because the greater the area, the more particles are likely to collide with it;
- add a catalyst: catalysts increase reaction rate, in this problem, we don't need any catalyst, as this is an acid-base reaction that is relatively quick, a catalyst would decrease the activation energy barrier;
- increase the temperature: higher energy of the particles and a higher velocity of each reactant would increase the probability of a successful collision.
Answer:
ΔH = + 116 kJ
Explanation:
The equation for the reaction is given as;
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) ΔH = - 58 kJ
If we multiply the above equation all through with (2); we have:
2 × (HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) ΔH = - 58 kJ)
2HCl(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) ΔH = - 116 kJ
If we tend to reverse the above equation; we have
2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) → 2HCl(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) ΔH = + 116 kJ
∴ The reaction is said to be endothermin , as 116 kJ are absorbed.
Answer:
HCl, also known as hydrochloric acid, has a covalent bond. The hydrogen (H) atom shares an electron with the chlorine (Cl) to form the bond.
Explanation:
Consequently, the bonding electrons in hydrogen chloride are shared unequally in a polar covalent bond. The molecule is represented by the conventional Lewis structure, even though the shared electron pair is associated to a larger extent with chlorine than with hydrogen.