Until recently, prokaryotes did not contain linear plasmids or chromosomes, but they have since been discovered in spirochaetes, Gram-positive bacteria, and Gram-negative bacteria. Bacterial linear DNA has been classified into two structural kinds. Each end of linear plasmids from the spirochaete Borrelia has a covalently closed hairpin loop, while each end of linear plasmids from the Gram-positive filamentous Streptomyces has a covalently connected protein. In eukaryotic cells, replicons with comparable structures are more common than in prokaryotes. However, linear genomic architectures are likely more widespread in bacteria than previously thought, and some replicons may be able to switch between circular and linear isomers. The molecular biology of these widely scattered pieces reveals information about the origins of linear DNA in bacteria, including evidence of prokaryote-eukaryotes genetic exchange.
Answer:
Option A.
The best way to carry out smart growth is by keeping neighborhoods walkable.
Explanation:
- Smart growth is an unique concept that avoids sprawl by urban framing plan and transportation theory.
- For the smart growth of the community there must be compulsorily availability of walkable spaces in a compact urban centers.
- This tool of smart growth helps in developing the cities by preserving the available spaces for tomorrow, this process is also known as the sustainable development.
Answer:
pathogens,increases
Explanation:
White blood cells fight pathogens.In an individual with normal functioning bone marrow the numbers of WBC can increases within hours,if needed.
Answer:
Explanation:
Purple flowers (P are dominant to white (p), and long pollen (L) is dominant to short pollen (l).
A true breeding variety of peas with purple flowers and short pollen is crossed to a true breeding variety with white flowers and long pollen.
Parent genotype PPll x ppLL
F1 genotype will be PpLl
self crossing of F1 PpLl x PpLl
b. What proportion of the F2 will have purple flowers with long pollen?
Pp x Pp = 3/4 purple flowers, 1/4 white flowers
Ll x Ll = 3/4 long pollen, 1/4 short pollen
Thus answer is 3/4 x 3/4 = 9/16 purple flowers with long pollen
c. What proportion will have white flowers and short pollen?
thus, answer is 1/4 white flowers x 1/4 short pollen = 1/16.
