cess for GE crops conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Other evidence came from studies published by regulatory agencies in other countries or by companies, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and academic institutions. The committee also sought evidence from the public and from the speakers at its public meetings and webinars.1
The committee thinks that it is important to make clear that there are limits to what can be known about the health effects of any food, whether non-GE or GE. If the question asked is “Is it likely that eating this food today will make me sick tomorrow?” researchers have methods of getting quantitative answers. However, if the question is “Is it likely that eating
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1 The committee has compiled publicly available information on funding sources and first-author affiliation for the references cited in this chapter; the information is available at http://nas-sites.org/ge-crops/.
The organ that living things such as fish use to extract dissolved oxygen from water are the gills. As land animals and humans don't have gills, we can't breath underwater and take in the oxygen from that source.
