General paradigms of species extinction risk are urgently needed as global habitat loss and rapid climate change threaten Earth with what could be its sixth mass extinction. Using the stony coral Lophelia pertusa as a model organism with the potential for wide larval dispersal, we investigated how the global ocean conveyor drove an unprecedented post-glacial range expansion in Earth׳s largest biome, the deep sea. We compiled a unique ocean-scale dataset of published radiocarbon and uranium-series dates of fossil corals, the sedimentary protactinium–thorium record of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) strength, authigenic neodymium and lead isotopic ratios of circulation pathways, and coral biogeography, and integrated new Bayesian estimates of historic gene flow. Our compilation shows how the export of Southern Ocean and Mediterranean waters after the Younger Dryas 11.6 kyr ago simultaneously triggered two dispersal events in the western and eastern Atlantic respectively. Each pathway injected larvae from refugia into ocean currents powered by a re-invigorated AMOC that led to the fastest postglacial range expansion ever recorded, covering 7500 <span>km in under 400 years. In addition to its role in modulating global climate, our study illuminates how the ocean conveyor creates broad geographic ranges that lower extinction risk in the deep sea.</span>
<em>CORRECT STATEMENTS
> Water forms hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules. </em>
<em>> Water is a polar molecule. </em>
<em>> Water dissolves more ionic compounds.</em>
<em />Water is a polar molecule because of its uneven distribution of electron density. It is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one positive atom.
Since water is a polar molecule, it forms hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules. Though these bonds are relatively weak, however, there are so many of them present in water.
Water also dissolves most ionic compounds due to the fact that water is a universal solvent. When these compounds are added to water, there will be an interaction between the individual ions and the polar regions of the water molecules and disrupts the ionic bonds.
<em>INCORRECT </em>
> Liquid water is less dense than water vapor. - Liquid water has a higher density than water vapor. The fact that water vapor rises indicates that it is less dense than water.
>Water dissolves more hydrophobic substances. - Hydrophobic substances do not dissolve easily in water. It is termed as 'hydrophobic" because it means water-fearing.
Connected to the occipital bones
The statistics of weather how hot or cold it is
