(1), (2), (4) either require two parents (which would not produce identical offspring to either parents but similar and different to either one in number respects) or there could be mutations / different alleles chosen for the cell division, so I think the answer would be (3) cloning.
Answer:
Helium
Explanation:
We know that this atom has two positive particles on the nucleus (protons) with two neutral particles (neutrons). We can also see that it hass two electrons on the orbitals. Knowing this, we can say that the element is Helium.
Helium has a relative atomic mass of 4 and it's atomic number is 2. The atomic number is equal to the number of protons and electrons the atom has, and the atomic mass can be used to calculate the number of neutrons:
Relative atomic mass = Neutrons + atomic number
So we know that:
Neutrons = relative atomic mass - atomic number
Neutrons = 4 - 2 = 2.
It does not actually count as a living thing because it does not technically reproduce.
I personally believe the answer is A.
Hope this answers your question correctly.