The synthesis<span> of </span>proteins<span> takes two steps: transcription and translation. Transcription takes the information encoded in DNA and encodes it into mRNA, which heads out of the cell's nucleus and into the cytoplasm. During translation, the mRNA works with a ribosome and tRNA to </span>synthesize proteins<span>.</span>
Answer:
White blood cells engulf and digest pathogens and any other unknown material in the blood and tissues. They engulf the pathogen into a vesicle called a phagosome. This fuses with a lysosome and the enzymes break down the pathogen.
Because both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have chromosomes (prokaryotes, and more specifically, bacteria, generally have just one chromosome, but there are some bacteria as well as archaea—which are also prokaryotes—that have multiple chromosomes).
<span>Let's consider a scenario in which the resting membrane potential changes from −70 mV to +70 mV, but the concentrations of all ions in the intracellular and extracellular fluids are unchanged. Predict how this change in membrane potential affects the movement of Na+. The electrical gradient for Na+ would tend to move Na+ Outside the cell (extracellular) while the chemical gradient for Na+ would tend to move Na+ Inside the cell (intracellular).
The electrical gradient is defined as the + goes to the - and the - goes to the +
Na + has a positive charge, but there's more positive charge inside the cell than outside (due to potassium), therefore, Na+ goes extracellular (out)
The concentration gradient considers that the ion will go from the most concentrated to at least concentrated by passive diffusion so no trans-membrane proteins in the game attention.Na + is very concentrated in extracellular and few intracellular, therefore, it tends to go intracellular (in).</span>
A. Alice carried the recessive allele