Answer:
-The other substances that give a positive test with AgNO3 are other chlorides present, iodides and bromide.
-It is reasonable to exclude iodides and bromides but it is not reasonable to exclude other chlorides
Explanation:
In the qualitative determination of halogen ions, silver nitrate solution(AgNO3) is usually used. Now, various halide ions will give various colours of precipitate when mixed with with silver nitrate. For example, chlorides(Cl-) normally yield a white precipitate, bromides(Br-) normally yield a cream precipitate while iodides (I-) normally yield a yellow precipitate. Thus, all these ions or some of them may be present in the system.
With that being said, if other chlorides are present, they will also yield a white precipitate just like KCl leading to a false positive test for KCl. However, since other halogen ions yield precipitates of different colours, they don't lead to a false test for KCl. Thus, we can exclude other halides from the tendency to give us a false positive test for KCl but not other chlorides.
Earth contains huge quantities of water in its oceans, lakes, rivers, the atmosphere, and believe it or not, in the rocks of the inner Earth. Over millions of years, much of this water is recycled between the inner Earth, the oceans and rivers, and the atmosphere. This cycling process means that freshwater is constantly made available to Earth's surface where we all live. Our planet is also very efficient at keeping this water. Water, as a vapor in our atmosphere, could potentially escape into space from Earth. But the water doesn't escape because certain regions of the atmosphere are extremely cold. (At an altitude of 15 kilometers, for example, the temperature of the atmosphere is as low as -60° Celsius!) At this frigid temperature, water forms solid crystals that fall back to Earth's surface.
Many people live faraway from freshwater sources. They need to carry their water home.
While our planet as a whole may never run out of water, it's important to remember that clean freshwater is not always available where and when humans need it. In fact, half of the world's freshwater can be found in only six countries. More than a billion people live without enough safe, clean water.
Also, every drop of water that we use continues through the water cycle. Stuff we put down the drain ends up in someone or something else's water. We can help protect the quality of our planet's freshwater by using it more wisely.
Answer:
A hot spot is an area on Earth over a mantle plume or an area under the rocky outer layer of Earth, called the crust, where magma is hotter than surrounding magma. The magma plume causes melting and thinning of the rocky crust and widespread volcanic activity.
Hope this is what you mean be hot spot!
I hope this helps you!
Have a great day
Answer:
Described by a redox reaction below
Explanation:
Iron(III) oxide is an ionic compound, since it consists of a metal, iron, and a nonmetal, oxygen.
Ionic compounds are formed when metals lose their valence electrons in order to have an octet in their previous shell and donate them to nonmetal atoms, so that nonmetals fill their outer shell to have an octet.
As a result, positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions) are formed. When iron reacts with oxygen, the following reaction takes place:
This is a redox (oxidation–reduction) reaction, since we have electron loss and gain. Four iron atoms lose a total of 12 electrons to obtain a +3 charge in the final compound, while 3 oxygen molecules gain these 12 electrons to become 6 oxide anions with a -2 charge.
