Answer: a. testing effect
Explanation:
Testing effect is a type of threat to internal validity of an experiment. Internal validity is assessing whether a factor makes a difference in an experiment or not and if it does, whether there is adequate evidence to support this correlation.
Testing as a threat to internal validity is when a second test is taken on the outcome of a first test. Other internal validity threats are history, maturation, instrument modifications.
Answer: structured interview
Explanation:
A structured interview is a quantitative research method commonly employed in survey research. The aim of this approach is to ensure that each interview is presented with exactly the same questions in the same order.
A structured interview is when all questions are prepared in advance. This is in contrast to an unstructured interview, in which there is no specific set of predetermined questions, and the interviewer is able to change the questions at any time and ask follow-up questions to the interviewee's
I think they were on foot or in a carriage or on horses or on a boat
Answer: 4. Food
Explanation:Conditioned or Secondary reinforcer is anything that is paired with a primary reinforcer(e.g food) in a way that associates the conditioned reinforcer with the impact of the primary reinforcer. Examples are praise, grades and money.
