Answer: September 14, 1847.
It is a diary/record/manuscript, hope that helps you!
One way in which the Reformation affected kings was that "<span>a. Kings throughout Europe lost power after the Reformation," since many kings were closely aligned with the Catholic Church, which lost a great deal of power as well. </span>
The answer is a. necessary and proper. (i'm not positive that that's correct but that's what i would put.
Open primaries are where voters don't have to declare party affiliation.
Closed primaries are for affiliated party members.
