<u>Answer:
</u>
Measurement error
<u>Explanation:
</u>
<u>Measurement error</u> is called an observational error. it is the difference between the quantity and its true value. It includes
<u>Random error:</u>
It is a natural occurring error that is expected to be an experimenter.
Random error is expected but even all sample is a random error.
<u>Systematic error:
</u>
It occurs due to the use of false instruments that affects all the measurement.
For example, if you are measuring the weight of athletes and the instrument you are using show 1 pound less weight it will show for all athletes one pound less wight called systematic error.
The error gets grown when you use that procedure in data measurement.
Answer:
a. the cause in fact.
Explanation:
'Cause-in-fact' is defined as the cause of the result for the action of something. In other words it is the actual cause of the incident.
In the context, Kim's death is the cause of action committed by Joe's negligence driving when he hits the streetlight and the streetlight falls on Joe's head causing his death. It is the negligence action of Joe for which Kim has to suffer. Thus it is regarded as the cause in fact.
Hence the answer is --
a. the cause in fact.
A writ of certiorari is a written order by a court, commonly the US Supreme Court, that says that the case will be heard.
The basic idea is that a writ of certiorari is an appeals court agreeing to hear a case. The US Supreme Court grants very few writs, despite thousands of applications for review.