Answer: The cornea is avascular.
Explanation:
The cornea can be defined as the clear front membrane on the surface of eyeball. It lies in the front of the iris and pupil. It allows the light to enter the eye. A cornea transplant is recommended in patients who suffer from vision problems due to thinning of cornea, keratoconus, loss of vision and cloudiness of cornea.
It takes about 2 to 3 months to recover after surgery. The healing is slow because the cornea is avascular. The tissue of cornea does not provide blood vessels to deliver nutrients and oxygen which could aid in speedy recovery.
Peristalsis in the Esophagus event triggers the opening of the gastroesophageal sphincter.
<u>Explanation:</u>
- In the esophagus, there are two types of peristalsis occurs.The first one is a "primary peristaltic wave" occurs through which bolus enters esophagus during swallowing.
- This "wave pushes the bolus down esophagus", into stomach in a wave lasting about 8–9 seconds.
- The esophageal sphincter in the lower region is separated by both sympathetic and parasymphathetic nerves.
- The pathways of vagal are a major for the relaxation of reflex of LES and this occurs in LES relaxations.
Subsequent INR readings are influenced by the dose, method, and initial INR of vitamin K. For intravenous vitamin K doses of 2 mg or more, INR decrease is comparable. FFP preadministration has no effect on INR readings 48 hours or more after vitamin K administration.
What is Abstract of Vitamin K dosing to reverse warfarin based on INR, route of administration, and home warfarin dose in the acute/critical care setting?
- Commonly, vitamin K is used to reverse the anticoagulant effects of warfarin. The ideal vitamin K dosage and delivery method that does not lengthen bridging therapy are still unclear.
- To ascertain the elements affecting the level and pace of vitamin K-induced INR reversal in the acute/critical care setting.
- 400 patients' charts from between February 2008 and November 2010 who got vitamin K to counteract the effects of warfarin were examined. International normalized ratios (INRs), intravenous or oral vitamin K doses, and whether or not fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was administered were among the information gathered. INRs were measured 12, 24, and 48 hours before vitamin K treatment.
- At baseline, 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours, respectively, intravenous vitamin K decreased INR more quickly than oral vitamin K (5.09, 1.91, 1.54, and 1.41 vs. 5.67, 2.90, 2.14, and 1.58). Subsequent INR values were impacted by baseline INR (p 0.001), method of administration (p 0.001), and vitamin K dosage (p 0.001). For intravenous vitamin K doses of 2 mg or more, there was a similar drop in INR. Home warfarin dose had no effect on INR responses to intravenous or oral vitamin K (p = 0.98 and 0.27, respectively). FFP had no effect on INR readings 48 hours later. Although larger vitamin K doses and longer anticoagulation bridge therapy appeared to be related, neither the incidence (p = 0.63) nor the duration (p = 0.61) were statistically significant.
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Complete Question:
The nurse administers erythromycin ointment (0.5%) to the eyes of a newborn and the mother asks the nurse why this is performed. Which explanation is best for the nurse to provide about neonatal eye prophylaxis?
1. Protects the newborn's eyes from possible infections acquired while hospitalized.
2. Prevents cataracts in the newborn born to a woman who is susceptible to rubella.
3. Minimizes the spread of microorganisms to the newborn from invasive procedures during labor.
4. Prevents an infection called ophthalmia neonatorum from occurring after delivery in a newborn born to a woman with an untreated gonococcal infection.
Answer:
4. Prevents an infection called ophthalmia neonatorum from occurring after delivery in a newborn born to a woman with an untreated gonococcal infection.
Explanation:
Ophthalmia Neonatorum is an eye infection that affects newborns within the first 30 days after birth. It is also known as “conjunctivitis of the newborn) and is caused by contact of the newborn’s eyes with the birth canal of a mother who has an untreated sexually-transmitted infection like Gonnorrhea.
The newborn is usually treated with an erythromycin eye ointment instilled onto the eyes.
Nurses function at their peak when a Magnet environment is fully expressed and embedded throughout the health care organization, wherever nursing is practiced.