Answer:
Harmful effect associated with extraction of Aluminum, Gold and Copper are:
During the melting of aluminium there is a released of per fluorocarbon are more harmful than carbon dioxide in the environment as they increased the level of green house gases and cause global warming. The process of transforming raw material into the aluminium are much energy intensive.
Gold mining industries destroyed land scopes and increased the amount of toxic level in the environment and they also dump there toxic waste in the natural water bodies, which increased the level of water pollution in the environment.
Copper mining causes the health problems like asthma and problem in respiratory system because of the inhalation of silica dust. It also increased the level of sulfur diode in the environment which cause acid rain and destroyed various trees and buildings in the nature.
Answer:
It value is range varies from 0.45 for Soth Asia, 1.1 for middle east and North America and 2.2 kg/capita/day for OECD countries.
Explanation:
Solid waste generation is about in the range of 63 million tonnes per year in the North Africa and Middle East . Per capita waste generation is 0.15 to 5.7 kilogram in a day for 1 person, and the average is of about 1.1 kg/capita/day.
Its about 571 million tonnes solid waste in a year is generated by The OECD countries . The value of per capita is ranging about 1.2 to 3.7 kg in a day for a person with the average value of about 2.2 kg per capita per day
Its about 70 million tonnes of solid waste in a year is generated by The South Asian countries . The value of per capita is ranging from 0.12 to 5.1 kg in a day for a person with the average value of about 0.45 kg/capita/day
Answer:
the force of gravity (Fgrav) and the normal force (Fnorm).
Explanation:
Neglecting friction and air resistance, a roller coaster car will experience two forces:the force of gravity (Fgrav) and the normal force (Fnorm). The normal force is directed in a direction perpendicular to the track and the gravitational force is always directed downwards.
Answer:
Yes, Otto cycle is more efficient than a Diesel cycle with the same compression ratio.
Explanation:
An ideal Otto cycle models the behavior of an explosion engine. This cycle consists of six steps, as indicated in the figure. Prove that the performance of this cycle is given by the expression:
otto performance= 1 - ( 1/(r^(б-1) ) )
r = compression ratio equal to the ratio between the volume at the beginning of the compression cycle and at the end of it.
б=1.4 exponent
A diesel engine can be modeled with the ideal cycle consisting of six reversible steps, as indicated in the figure. Prove that the performance of this cycle is given by the expression:
diesel performance= 1 - ( 1/(r^(б-1) ) ) × ( (r^б)-1 )/(б×(r-1)) )
The ideal Diesel cycle is distinguished from the ideal Otto in the combustion phase, which in the Otto cycle is assumed at constant volume and in the Diesel at constant pressure. Therefore the performance is different.
We see that the efficiency of a Diesel cycle differs from that of an Otto cycle by the factor in parentheses. This factor is always greater than the unit, therefore, for the same compression reasons r diesel performance is less than ottoperformance.