Answer:
D.
Explanation:
A 'common ancestor' on a cladogram is all of those points where your lines come down and meet the primary line at the bottom.
In this case, your most recent common ancestor is at the point connected to the crocodile. All species at or past that point have that common ancestor, which include only the crocodile and the bird.
Lesions to the medial geniculate of the amygdala block conventional auditory fear conditioning.
Medial geniculate
The medial geniculate body (MGB) is a collection of nuclei that receives heavy input from the IC and acts as a key synaptic junction on the routes that carry data to the cerebral cortex's auditory regions.
One should also think about how the medial geniculate's structure might affect its possible roles as a relay nucleus given the substantial studies on its anatomy. It is not in question that the MGv, which is the lemniscal portion of the MGB, "relays" accurate auditory information to the primary auditory cortex.
To learn more about the medial geniculate refer here:
brainly.com/question/13060944
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Answer:
1. Weaker
2. Continuous
Explanation:
A tumor suppressor gene codes for retinoblastoma protein (pRb). The retinoblastoma protein binds to transcription factor E2F when DNA damage is detected. The E2F bound to pRb can not stimulate expression of genes that code for proteins required during the process of DNA synthesis. The cell can not enter the S phase.
On the other hand, when the retinoblastoma protein is phosphorylated by cyclin E-CDK2, E2F transcription factor is free to stimulate the expression of genes required for DNA synthesis and the cell proceeds from G1 to S phase.
When the mutated retinoblastoma gene code for a protein that serves as phosphorylated protein, it will not be able to bind strongly with E2F and there would be continuous expression of genes required for S phase.
These mushrooms and other fungi will be classified as decomposers and they will obtain their nutrition by breaking down the body of organisms that have died. These organisms play a vital role in the cycling of nutrients in a food chain, since they convert the macromolecules present in dead organisms into smaller ones and release them back into the environment.
