Answer:
C: a contract lobbyist
Explanation:
Lobbyist is the person who tries to persuade a politician or official group to do something. Someone lobbying on behalf of a company where he or she works, is a contract lobbyist . Some companies see as an advantage to send someone that already knows the needs and profile of their business , instead of hiring someone from outside.
Answer:
By defeating Constantinople
Explanation:
Before 1453, the trade route toward the European market was controlled by the Constantinople. Difference in major religion between the middle east empires and Constantinople often caused unnecessary conflicts, which is why trade never been really flourished between the two regions.
After Ottoman and Safavid defeated the Constantinople, It is much easier for traders from Middle East empires to pass through European trades route.