Kindly see answers below:
1. operon is not transcribe• b.) lac operon: lactose absent• e.) trp operon: tryptophan present2. operon is transcribed, but not sped up by the positive control• a.) trp operon: tryphophan absent• d.) lac operon: lactose present, glucose present3. operon is transcribed quicklu through positive control• c.) lac operon: lactose present, glocuse absent
Answer:
a. The directionality of the complementary strand is antiparallel. The double-stranded DNA is antiparallel comprising two strands, which run alongside each other, however, point in reverse directions. In a double-stranded molecule of DNA, the 5 prime ends of one strand align with the 3 prime ends of the other strand, and vice versa.
b. The mediation of base pairing is done by non-covalent hydrogen bonds. It is reversible, that is, the strands can separate and can come combined again without any chemical modification.
The specificity of base pairing is illustrated by hydrogen bonds that is, the first strand produces hydrogen bonds only with a particular base in the second strand, and these two bases produce a base-pair.
c. The interaction or association of non-covalent type, that is, hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding. Collectively, they both are strong. In the process, one base associate with the other base on the complementary strand.
d. The phosphate backbone possesses the tendency to associate with water on the outside of the molecule, and this is favorable chemically as both the strands are held together by hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction.
The polar molecules of sugar can produce hydrogen bonds with the surrounding molecules of water. The negatively charged phosphate group associate with the positively charged ions. The nonpolar nitrogen bases are found within the molecule and associate favorably through stacking interactions.
Answer:
I don't know exactly what the growth of lichens symbolizes in general, but I found the information about what does it mean for California state:
In 2016, according to The Mercury News (mercurynews dot com), Lace Lichen
becomes state symbol of California. The president of the California Lichen Society, Shelly Benson, said: " Lichens are widely overlooked. Our main mission was really to create more awarness about lichens and their role in the ecosystem."
As Lichen, widespread and may be long-lived, was chosen for a state symbol, its growth may symbolize the increase of state strength.
Explanation:
The DNA has to code for a protein and it has to replicate
A. Interphase
Interphase has 3 phases which is G1, S, and G2 phases
