Which term is defined as the concept of believing one's culture is better than
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Answer:
Allele frequency
Normal allele
Mutant r allele
Genotype frequency
Homozygous normal bugs
Homozygous mutant bug
Heterozygous normal bug with one mutant r allele and one normal allele
Explanation:
It is given that 99% of the bugs were killed after the spray of pyrethrum. This suggests that 1% of the bugs that were not killed must be homozygous for the mutant type allele "r"
Thus, the frequency of homozygous "rr" species i.e
From this we can evaluate the frequency of mutant "r" allele.
Thus,
As per Hardy-Weinberg first equilibrium equation,
Substituting the value of q in above equation, we get
Thus, the frequency of homozygous normal bug is equal to
As per Hardy-Weinberg second equilibrium equation-
Substituting all the available values we get -
Allele frequency
Normal allele
Mutant r allele
Genotype frequency
Homozygous normal bugs
Homozygous mutant bug
Heterozygous normal bug with one mutant r allele and one normal allele
Reactions in which the concentration of Nucleophile or Base has no effect on the rate of reaction depends only on the concentration of substrate. Such reactions are called Unimolecular Substitution or Elimination Reactions. The Kinetics of such reaction is First order with respect to substrate.
Examples:
SN¹ Reactions:
These are Unimolecular Substitution reactions. These are two step reactions in which the first step is the rate determining step. In RDS the substrate is ionized to generate a carbocation and is the slowest step. In second step the Nu attacks carbocation and is the fastest step.
E¹ Reactions:
These are unimolecular Elimination reactions. These are also two step reaction. In first step carbocation is generated (RDS step) and in second step the base abstracts proton to yield alkene. These reactions only depend on the concentration of substrate.
Examples:
SN¹ Reactions:
These are Unimolecular Substitution reactions. These are two step reactions in which the first step is the rate determining step. In RDS the substrate is ionized to generate a carbocation and is the slowest step. In second step the Nu attacks carbocation and is the fastest step.
E¹ Reactions:
These are unimolecular Elimination reactions. These are also two step reaction. In first step carbocation is generated (RDS step) and in second step the base abstracts proton to yield alkene. These reactions only depend on the concentration of substrate.