The cytoplasm within the cell body is called the<u> perikaryon</u> , although some anatomists use that term to describe the whole cell body.
The nucleus accommodates a prominent<u> nucleolus</u> , where ribosomes are formed.
Free and bound ribosomes are known as Nissl bodies or <u>chromatophilic subtance</u>
Short, small processes that branch off the cell body are <u>Dendrites </u>
The<u> Axon</u> is sometimes called a nerve fiber.
It is typically a longer process emanating from the cell body to make contact with other neurons, muscle cells, or gland cells.
The cytoplasm within an axon is called <u>axoplasm</u>, and the plasma membrane of an axon is called an <u>axolemma</u>.
Explanation:
- The soma, perikaryon , neurocyton, or cell body is the bulbous, non-process portion of a neuron or other brain cell type, containing the cell nucleus.
- Perikaryon produce compounds necessary for neuron. Transport compounds to axon and dendrites.
- The nucleolus makes ribosomal subunits from proteins and ribosomal RNA, also known as rRNA. It then sends the subunits out to the rest of the cell where they combine into complete ribosomes. Ribosomes make proteins; therefore, the nucleolus plays a vital role in making proteins in the cell
- Chromatophilic substance is a prominently staining substance found in the cytoplasm of motor neurons
- An axon, or nerve fiber, is a long slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body or soma. Axons are in effect the primary transmission lines of the nervous system, and as bundles they help make up nerves.
- Dendrites are the segments of the neuron that receive stimulation in order for the cell to become active. They conduct electrical messages to the neuron cell body for the cell to function.
- Axoplasm is the cytoplasm within the axon of a neuron (nerve cell).The axolemma is the cell membrane of an axon.
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