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Gnesinka [82]
2 years ago
13

I need help on the unanswered questions

Biology
1 answer:
Alja [10]2 years ago
3 0
Soooooooooooooooorrrrrrry
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Which would probably have the greatest effect on a protein's function—a change to the primary, secondary, or tertiary structure?
Alja [10]

Answer:

There are 20 different standard L-α-amino acids used by cells for protein construction. Amino acids, as their name indicates, contain both a basic amino group and an acidic carboxyl group. This difunctionality allows the individual amino acids to join in long chains by forming peptide bonds: amide bonds between the -NH2 of one amino acid and the -COOH of another. Sequences with fewer than 50 amino acids are generally referred to as peptides, while the terms, protein and polypeptide, are used for longer sequences. A protein can be made up of one or more polypeptide molecules. The end of the peptide or protein sequence with a free carboxyl group is called the carboxy-terminus or C-terminus. The terms, amino-terminus and N-terminus, describe the end of the sequence with a free α-amino group.

The amino acids differ in structure by the substituent on their side chains. These side chains confer different chemical, physical, and structural properties to the final peptide or protein. The structures of the 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins are shown in Figure 1. Each amino acid has both a one-letter and three-letter abbreviation. These abbreviations are commonly used to simplify the written sequence of a peptide or protein.

figure1-Protein-Structure

Depending on the side-chain substituent, an amino acid can be classified as being acidic, basic or neutral. Although 20 amino acids are required for synthesis of various proteins found in humans, we can synthesize only ten. The remaining 10 are called essential amino acids and must be obtained in the diet.

The amino acid sequence of a protein is encoded in DNA. Proteins are synthesized by a series of steps called transcription (the use of a DNA strand to make a complimentary messenger RNA strand – mRNA) and translation (the mRNA sequence is used as a template to guide the synthesis of the chain of amino acids which make up the protein). Often, post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation or phosphorylation, occur which are necessary for the biological function of the protein. While the amino acid sequence makes up the primary structure of the protein, the chemical/biological properties of the protein are very much dependent on the three-dimensional or tertiary structure.

5 0
3 years ago
Freshwater paramecium live in a hypotonic environment. Therefore there
kherson [118]

Answer:

The answer is B

Explanation:

I guessed and got it right so

6 0
2 years ago
An important challenge to traditional (pre-1860) ideas about species was the observation that seemingly dissimilar organisms suc
katen-ka-za [31]

Answer:

Dissimilar organisms might have evolved from a distant, common ancestor.

Explanation:

First of all we should know species. Species is considered as a basic unit of taxonomic classification of an organism.

Initially, the scientists are agreed on this phenomenon that all distinct species are evolved gradually from common ancestor. Today, the species which are different from each other just like hummingbirds, humans and whales are from the same ancestor but with the time passage genetic mutation occurs and at the end dissimilar organisms we can see in our environment/surroundings.

6 0
3 years ago
During meiosis i, maternal and paternal chromosomes come together during the process called ________ to form a ________.
raketka [301]

Answer:synapsis; tetrad

Explanation:

4 0
2 years ago
What is the clinical significance of using media and other biochemical test to distinguish between similar and dissimilar bacter
lesya [120]

Biochemical tests and use of media allow physicians to identify the type of bacteria causing a disease (such as whether its gram+ or gram-) and use appropriate antibiotic effective against the bacteria. Another clinical significance is to determine the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics (this is conducted using susceptibility tests).






4 0
3 years ago
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