Answer:
The labels I-VII represent the different stages of primary succession. I-bare rocks, II-pioneers (mosses, lichen, algae, fungi), III-annual herbaceous plants, IV-perennial herbaceous plants and grasses, V-shrubs, VI-shade intolerant trees, VII-shade tolerant trees.
Explanation:
It would be capillary action
The probability also depends on the other parents genotype. If the other parent has a genotype of RR then the probability is 0%. If the genotype is Rr it is 25%. And if the genotype is rr it is also 25%.
The independent variable is what will change. The dependent variable is what will change because of the independent variable. The controlled variable is what will stay the same.
Ex, for the first one.
IV: the amount of sunlight
DV: plant growth
CV: pea plant
For #2.
IV: the soda
DV: the amount of sugar
CV: soda
And so on
