Question

4. Describe similarities and/or differences in compartmentalization between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. 5. Sketch the process of endosymbiosis and explain the evidence that supports the endosymbiotic theory behind the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts 6. Explain how mitochondria are able to reproduce at their own pace even though they reside inside eukaryotic cells. 7. Describe the relationships that both mitochondria and chloroplasts have with their host cells.

Answer 1

Answer:

Eukaryotes:

-Organisms with a well defined nucleus are known as eukaryotes. such cells are called as eukaryotic cells.

- Their nucleus is enclosed within the nuclear membrane.

- They do not posses a mitochondria.

- The cell wall is the outer most layer of a eukaryotic cell (only plant cells have a cell wall)

- The cells are divided by a process called mitosis.

Eg: Plants, Animals.

Prokaryotes:

- Organisms without a well defined nucleus are known as prokaryotes. Such cells are called as Prokaryotic cells.

- They lack nuclear membrane.

- Mitochondria, Golgi bodies, chloroplast and lysosomes are absent.

- The genetic material (DNA) is present on the chromosome.

Eg: Every organism coming under the kingdom monera.

Explanation: