Answer:
density equals weigt divided by volume
Explanation:

1A: The legs can be a adjusted, as well as the sand can be swapped out. It’s a very good design for running multiple tests.
1B: He could add books or something under the front or back legs in order to increase/decrease the incline, therefore imitating the hypothesis.
1C: He can change out the sand grains to finer ones, or coarser ones, and record his results of each test.
2: If he sets the model at a steep incline and tests it with coarse sand and fine sand, seeing which one makes a narrower, deeper hole.
Yes. Mercury has 80 protons. Tin has 50 protons. Same for electrons, it just doesn't have an exact number.
Squeezing just the juices out of the orange, like with your hand or whatever you use, is a physical change. yes :)