Among the 12th and 15th centuries, the European economy was transformed by the interconnecting of river and sea trade routes, producing Europe to become one of the world's most wealthy trading networks. Before the 12th century, the main obstacle to trade east of the Strait of Gibraltar was the absence of commercial incentive rather than inadequate ship design.
Many lands previous unfamiliar to Europeans were discovered by them during this period, though most were already populated. European overseas exploration directed to the advance of global trade and the European colonial empires, with the contact between the Old World (Europe, Asia, and Africa) and the New World (the Americas and Australia).
To sum up, The wealth that could be made through trade was the major motive for the European exploration between 1400 and 1800, letter A.
They responded with force and put down any unrest or uprisings.
Here are two examples:
June, 1953, East Germany. Construction workers in East Berlin began the protests, demanding an increase in work hours and calling for a general strike. The call to strike was broadcast over Radio in the American Sector (RIAS) in West Berlin and heard throughout East Germany. Over a million workers in 700 cities and towns heeded the call to strike on June 17, 1953. The Soviet Union responded swiftly and harshly, declaring a state of emergency and sending in tanks to larger cities where protests were occurring.
October/November, 1956 - Hungary.Protesters took to the streets in Hungary in October, 1956, demanding freedom from Soviet domination and more democratic political processes. Soviet domination and oppression continued relentlessly, as the USSR sent tanks and troops and crushed the Hungarian Uprising. Thousands of Hungarians were killed or wounded and over 200,000 fled the country.
Answer:
Question 1. Humanism is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively.
Question 2. Humanists sought to create a citizenry able to speak and write with eloquence and clarity, thus capable of engaging in the civic life of their communities and persuading others to virtuous and prudent actions.
If it was right I'm happy I helped but if it's wrong then sorry but I tried.
