Answer:
Primary succession is one type of the ecological succession which takes place on the land devoid of vegetation or barren land.
The species which first flourishes on this barren land are known as pioneer species which includes the species of bryophytes and pteridophytes like lichens and mosses.
These lichens and mosses help breakdown the barren rocks through chemical leaching and help increase the nutrient content. This allows the ferns and small pteridophytes to grow.
Then the area is colonized by the intermediate species which includes herbs, shrubs later trees. These intermediate species help attract the animals and thus help establish the biological community.
Thus, Lichens mosses → herbs→ shrubs →trees.
Answer:
b. Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys.
Explanation:
Once it is produced by the adrenal gland it stimulates the mineralocorticoid receptors on the distal tubule and collecting duct of the kidney's nephrons. This causes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys indirectly affecting water retention.
Explanation:
Most genes contain the information needed to make functional molecules called proteins. (A few genes produce regulatory molecules that help the cell assemble proteins)
gamete: a mature haploid male or female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote.
spore:a minutes typically one-felled, reproductive unit capable of giving rise to a new individual without sexual fusion, characteristic of lower plants, fungi, and protozoans.
algae: a simple, nonflowering, and typically aquatic plants of a large group that includes the seaweeds and many single-celled forms. algae contains chlorophyll but lack true stems, roots, leaves, and vascular tissue.
fungi:any group of spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter, including molds, yeast, mushrooms, and toadstools.
lichen:a simple slow-growing plant that typically forms a low-crusty,leaflike, or branching growth on rocks, walls, and trees.
decomposer: an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material.
