The cell in the stomata. The cell is called the mesophyll which can be broken down in two layers the palisade layer and the spongy layer.
A) causes an effector to signal the control center of an organism, which creates the stimulus to make a response
Answer:
A balanced carbon cycle is essential. Carbon is a major component in carbohydrates, fats and proteins. The carbon cycle involves the exchange of carbon between living organisms (biotic) and their atmosphere (abiotic). In the carbon cycle, carbon is constantly removed from, and returned to, the environment.
Explanation:
<u>Helper t-cells</u> identify antigens and then multiply and trigger the production of other kinds of immune cells.
<h3>What are helper T-cells?</h3>
Helper T-cells are one of the main types of immune cells. They detect infections and activate other immune cells to fight the infection.
Your thymus develops helper T-cells. The thymus is a small gland in the front of your chest. The other types of T-cells include:
- Cytotoxic T-cells, which fight infections.
- Regulatory T-cells, which regulate or suppress other immune cells when needed.
- NKT-cells, which can enhance immunity in general.
<h3>What are the subtypes of helper T-cells?</h3>
When helper T-cells detect an infection, they form into one of two subtypes:
- TH1 helper cells release a molecule that activates a type of cell called a macrophage. Macrophages are specialized cells that help eliminate foreign substances from your body. TH1 cells also activate cytotoxic T-cells.
- TH2 helper cells release molecules that activate B-cells. B-cells create antibodies. They also release cells that cause coughing, sneezing or diarrhea to help your body get rid of foreign substances. This group of T-cells helps generate allergy antibodies.
Learn more about helper T-cells
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