The correct answer is: 4) Standing defenses are always present; induced defenses develop in response to a threat
Induced defense is defense that can be changed or invoked when needed. Induced defenses are slow to happen. When invoked, induced defense requires energy but otherwise doesn’t.
Standing defense is always there. It is use, for example when predation is a constant threat.
Prokaryotes reproduce asexually by binary fission; they can also exchange genetic material by transformation, transduction, and conjugation.
Let us look at the what, why and how of studying extreme places like the deep earth and the deep space. Scientists need to figure out as to 'what' they want to look at such places, be it a new exotic creature or bio-genesis (birth of life). Unless there are several testable hypothesis constructed, such a study cannot begin. The 'why' aspect deals with the purpose of such research and expeditions. Is it of any use to the humans, or will it improve our current understanding of a phenomenon? The 'how' aspect deals with the technology and the economic assistance that can help in undertaking such a research. All these are the challenges that needed to be thoroughly considered to make such a research or expedition possible.
Explanation:
adrenocorticotropic hormone= It stimulates the adrenal cortex.
Answer: papillary muscle
Chordae tendinae is a connective tissue that used to prevent the heart valve to be flapped away. It like a string that connected into the valve and makes it look like a kite. Papillary muscle is the part that anchoring it to the heart wall.