The tools that held by Pharaoh is the crook and the flail.
The crook represents the tools that is used for animal husbandry works that is done by many of the working class in Egypt, and the flail represents the tools that is used for doing agricultural works which is also the backbone of ancient egypt's economy
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He thought he should extend his borders because he wanted us to have benefits of our democratic government,that should be extended over distant regions which was selected for homes