Answer & Explanation:
The difference in electronegativity between oxygen and hydrogen atoms creates partial negative and positive charges, respectively, on the atoms.
Water molecules attract or are attracted to other polar molecules.
Molecules that do not dissolve in water are known as hydrophobic (water fearing) molecules.
Because of its extensive hydrogen bonding, water (H2O) is liquid over a far greater range of temperatures that would be expected for a molecule of its size. Water is also a good solvent for ionic compounds and many others because it readily forms hydrogen bonds with the solute.
Cohesion holds hydrogen bonds together to create surface tension on water.
Since water is attracted to other molecules, adhesive forces pull the water toward other molecules.
Water is transported in plants through both cohesive and adhesive forces; these forces pull water and the dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves and other parts of the plant.
Key Terms:
hydrogen bonds: A weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.
adhesion: The ability of a substance to stick to an unlike substance; attraction between unlike molecules
cohesion: Various intermolecular forces that hold solids and liquids together; attraction between like molecules
hydrophilic: having an affinity for water; able to absorb, or be wetted by water
hydrophobic: lacking an affinity for water; unable to absorb, or be wetted by water
polarity: The intermolecular forces between the slightly positively-charged end of one molecule to the negative end of another or the same molecule.
