Answer:
Codeine
Explanation:
Codeine is an opiate and is used to treat mild and moderate pain. It is also the main ingredient in prescription based cough suppressant. It belongs to a class of drugs known as opioid analgesics.
Codeine is a naturally occurring phenanthrene alkaloid with opioid agonist and can be extracted directly from the plant although most codeine is synthesized from the opium poppy.
Cellular respiration is the process that cells use to break down food to use as an energy. Aerobic cellular respiration uses oxygen and yields many more ATP molecules than anaerobic cellular respiration, which does not use oxygen and yields only two ATP molecules.
Answer:
DNA restriction enzymes cut the DNA molecule, while DNA ligases join the resulting DNA fragments
Explanation:
Transformation is a naturally occurring process by which bacteria incorporate exogenous genetic material from their surrounding environment. This process (transformation) is used for DNA cloning via plasmid vectors. In DNA cloning, transformation occurs after restriction enzymes cut the DNA at specific sequences named palindromic sequences (i.e, sequences that can be read the same in opposite direction). Restriction enzymes can generate sticky-ends, where enzymes make staggered cuts in the two strands (e.g., <em>BamH</em>), or blunt ends, where the resulting strands are of the same length (e.g., <em>HaeIII</em>). In general, sticky-end enzymes are more useful because they generate a 3' overhang in one molecule and a complementary 5' overhang in the other, increasing the yield and specificity of ligation. During ligation, a DNA ligase is used to join both DNA strands by forming phosphodiester bonds in the plasmid. Following transformation, bacteria can be selected on antibiotic plates.
Answer:
Because your final periods can be irregular, menopause is confirmed 12 months after your last period. It is not normal to bleed or spot 12 months or more after your last period. Bleeding after menopause is usually a sign of a minor health problem but can sometimes be an early sign of more serious disease.