The exact reproduction of an individual from cellular tissue is called cloning.
Cloning is a scientific technique that is used to produce identical copies of an individual having similar genetic information.
In this process, a complete cell, tissue, gene, even an entire organism can be cloned.
A clone can be produced either by artificial or natural methods.
In nature, some unicellular organisms such as bacteria produce multiple copies of themselves by means of asexual reproduction.
The first ever human clone was named Eve in December 2002.
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Answer:
As a cell grows, its surface area-to-volume ratio decreases
ANSWER FOR QUESTION 1:
The most common type of E. coli infection that causes illness in people is called E. coli O157, which produces a toxin known as Shiga-toxin. Shiga-toxin producing E. coli is abbreviated as STEC. Symptoms of infection with this germ include watery or bloody diarrhea, fever, abdominal cramps, nausea, and vomiting.
ANSWER FOR QUESTION 2:
Some other germs don’t cause as many illnesses, but when they do, the illnesses are more likely to lead to hospitalization. Those germs include: Anyone can get sick from eating contaminated food. Follow four simple food safety steps —clean, separate, cook, and chill—to lower your chance of food poisoning and to protect yourself and your loved ones.
Answer: crossing over allows for genetic variation
Explanation:
crossing over is the exchange of genes between two chromosomes which ends up resulting in non-identical chromatids that comprise the genetic material of gametes (sperm and eggs).
Basically crossing over makes the chromatids that are held together by a centromere, no longer identical to eachother which creates genetic variation.
The Punctuated Equilibrium theory proposes that a specie that appears in the fossil record will become stable. To support this theory, a fossil record serves as an evidence which includes transitional fossils. Transitional fossils refers to the remains of an organism that still exhibit traits to both the ancestral and descendant group.
