This is a very philosophical question, so it requires your own opinions and reasoning. I will help as much as I can for you to develop your thoughts, but I cannot write them for you.
One of the most important things for you to reference in question two is the natural state of man. How was it like? Are we peaceful and individualistic, as John Locke states in <em>Two Treatise of Government</em>, or are humans selfish and natural life would be "nasty, brutish, and short" as Nicolo Machiavelli and Thomas Hobbes state in <em>The Prince </em>and <em>The Leviathan </em>(respective titles)? Why is this so?
These philosophers also give a reason as to why government is necessary for humankind. For Locke, it is to protect the people from larger threats. For Hobbes, it is to make man civilized. For Machiavelli, it is for a leader to align their self-interest with those of the people and make a prosperous community.
If you need any more help, ask me! I hope this helps :)
Liberty, progress, toleration, fraternity, constitutional government and separation of church and state
The political party that died was the Federalist Party. This should be your correct answer I hope it is
A. thats not really essential
