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schepotkina [342]
2 years ago
14

Classify each RNA post-transcription processing event according to whether it occurs in prokaryotes or eukaryotes.

Biology
1 answer:
tigry1 [53]2 years ago
7 0

'RNA is transcribed and translated in the cytoplasm', 'transcription produces an mRNA ready for translation' and 'RNA is proofread for errors' occur in prokaryotes, whereas '5′ cap, 3' poly-(A) tail and RNA splicing' occur in eukaryotes.

The prokaryotic cells (e.g., bacterial cells) do not contain cell nuclei, thereby the messenger RNA (mRNA) must be transcribed and translated in the cytoplasm.

During prokaryotic transcription, the RNA transcript is proofread for errors. In bacteria, DNA polymerases proofread the transcript by using their 3’ → 5’ exonuclease activity.

In eukaryotic cells, RNA processing consists of several mechanisms:

  • A 7-methylguanosine cap (5′ cap) is added to the 5′ end of the precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA).

  • A 3' poly-Adenine (A) tail is added to the 3' end of the pre-mRNA.

  • Both the 5′ cap and 3' poly-(A) tail protect the RNA transcript from its degradation by exonucleases.

  • Eukaryotic RNA splicing consists of the removal of non-coding regions called 'introns' and subsequent splicing of the protein-coding regions called 'exons'.

Learn more in:

brainly.com/question/24415778

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La polidactilia en la especie humana se debe a un alelo dominante. Entre Francisco y Martha, ambos abuelos de Santiago, uno de e
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Answer:

  • Abuelo/a con polidactilia heterocigoto, Pp
  • Abuelo/a normal, pp
  • Juan normal, pp
  • Esposa de Juan con polidactilia, PP o Pp
  • Santiago con polidactilia, Pp

Explanation:

<u>Datos disponibles</u>:

  • Polidactilia es causada por un alelo dominante, P.
  • El alelo recesivo p produce numero normal de dedos.
  • Francisco y Martha → Abuelos → uno de ellos con polidactilia
  • Juan → Hijo → Normal, pp
  • Santiago → Nieto → Polidactílico

Uno de los padres, ya sea Francisco o Martha, es polidactílico, lo que implica que ésta persona tiene, por lo menos, un allelo dominante en su genotipo, P- (El simbolo "-" esta representando un alelo dominante o uno recesivo).

Si Juan es normal, entonces su genotipo es pp, lo que significa que recibió un alelo recesivo de su padre y otro de su madre. Es decir que el parental policactílico es heterocigota, de forma que pudo heredarle un alelo recesivo a Juan. El otro parental probablemente sea normal, pp, pudiendo solo heredarle a Juan el alelo recesivo.

Entonces, uno de los padres tiene genotipo Pp (heterocigota) y el otro pp (homocigota recesivo).

Juan es norma, pp.

Santiago, hijo de Juan, es polidactílico, lo que implica que lleva en su genotipo por lo menos un alelo dominante, P. Pero Juan solo pudo heredarle un alelo recesivo, p. Por lo tanto, Santiago es heterocigota para la característica, Pp, y heredó el alelo dominante de su madre, que puede ser homcigota dominante PP o heterocigota Pp.

Supongamos que Francisco es polidactílico y Martha normal.

<u>1º Cruza</u>: Francisco x Martha

Parentales) Pp    x    pp

Gametas) P    p     p      p

F1) 1/2 = 50% Pp

    1/2 = 50% pp → Juan

<u>2º Cruza</u>: Juan  x Esposa (opción uno: esposa homocigota dominante)

Parentales) pp    x     PP

Gametas)   p    p      P     P

F2) 4/4 = 100% Pp → Santiago

<u>2º Cruza</u>: Juan  x  Esposa (opción dos: esposa heterocigota)

Parentales)  pp    x     Pp

Gametas)   p    p      P     p

F2) 1/2 = 50% Pp → Santiago

      1/2 = 50% pp

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