Lamarck represented the hypothesis that an organism can pass on acquired characteristics during its lifetime to its offspring. This theory was rejected, but nowadays discoveries in the field of epigenetics and somatic hypermutation confirmed part of it and highlighted the possible inheritance of behavioral traits acquired by the previous generation.
Answer: The change in the structure of the genes or change in the DNA sequence is called mutation. The mutations are of different types that are deletion, rearrangement, insertion and others.
Explanation:
Mutation in which the one to several nucleotides get changed at a point is called point mutation. The point mutation can be in the form of deletion, substitution, and insertion. Deletion will involve the removal of nucleotide that involves the change in the sequence of DNA. When the nucleotide is added to the genome it is called insertion. In deletion and insertion the whole sequence of nucleotides from the point of mutation get displaced this affect the codons in the amino acid sequence which is responsible for protein synthesis so the functioning of the body may get affected by such mutations.
In the case of substitution the new nucleotides are added to the DNA sequence and the one which was already present at that place is removed. So, only one amino acid in the sequence will change so the polypeptide structure will not be affected.
Cells are simply the basic units from which living things are made of, some are single cell organisms while others could be made of thousands, millions or billions of cells.
Metabolism refers to the sum total of chemical reactions that take place usually, but not by any means always, inside cells e.g they could also occur in the blood plasma or in inter-cellular spaces. They are indispensable for sustaining life.
Answer:
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Depending on the organelles present and the unique features can give clues about the function, for example, muscle cells contain higher concentrations of mitochondria
