Answer:
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) , transport-layer segment.
Explanation:
The User Datagram Protocol is popularly known as UDP. It is defined as the communication protocol which is used across the internet for any time sensitive transmission like the DNS lookup or the video playback.
The UDP provides a unreliable and connectionless service to a invoking application.
The transport layers on sending side converts the application 
messages which it 
from the 
into a transport layer segment called as the transport layer segments. This is achieved by breaking down the application messages into a smaller chunks and then adding the transport layer header into each chunk so as to create a transport layer segment.
Answer:
Rule based Attack.
Explanation:
As password cracking is a technique used to extract user’s password of application/files without the knowledge of the legitimate user. The attacker can use Rule Based Attack to find the password and to intrude or compromise the network and systems.
This is like a programming language to generate the password. This involves functions to modify, cut, edit and extend the generally used terms by the user.
Answer:
light year
Explanation:
Its is equal to 9,500,000,000,000km
