As you can see in the screenshot, once you plot the points for each rectangle, it becomes easier to see what's happening. In the first transformation, the rectangle is translated or slid. In the next 2 transformations, the rectangle is rotated. In the last transformation, the rectangle is dilated or shrunk. The first rectangle is the only translation.
You save 5 cents per ounce by using the 40 ounce jar, because if you do $5.20 divided by 40 it equals $0.13 but if you do $2.70 divided by 15 it equals $0.18 which is 5 more cents the the 40 ounce