Answer:
Shared assumptions.
Explanation:
As per the question, <u>'shared assumptions'</u> <u>are demonstrated as the 'unconscious and presupposed perceptions or the prefect prototypes of the behavior that are regarded as the appropriate way to think about a particular problem or opportunity or act in such situations</u>.' These are the basis of any organizational culture as they form the common base of perceptions, behaviors, or beliefs that are shared by almost every member part of the culture. These beliefs or assumptions are so deeply embedded that they have been taken-for-granted and remain unnoticed despite being an inherent part of the culture.
Answer: Chronosystem.
Urie Bronfenbrenner, an American psychologist, developed the Ecological Systems Theory as an explanation to how children interact with their environment and how in turn the environment affects the child’s development.
The first four levels of the system are:
Microsystem <em>(Immediate Environment)
</em>
Mesosystem <em>(Connections)
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Exosystem <em>(Indirect Environment)
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Macrosystem <em>(Social and Cultural Values)
</em>
The last system, which underlies all the other levels is the Chronosystem. This system introduces time to the theory. It includes changes over time in a small level (changes to family structure, changes in social circle) and changes at a social level (wars, recessions, etc.).
They found that <span>since the very young and the elderly spend more time at home, these groups would likely be victims in family homicide situations.
This happens because the perpetrators tend to see the very young and elderlies as the people who do not possess the power to fight back, which make them believe they could get away with the criminal act. What more terrifying is that the perpetrators in these circumstances tend to be the acquaintances of the family.</span>
