Answer:
Creditor beneficiary
Explanation:
The first contract is between Claudia and Clifford, in which Clifford is the debtor to the creditor Claudia.
This means that Claudia holds a legal contractual right to receive a payment from Clifford.
Now there is a second contract between Claudia and Friendly Paving Co. this is basically the agreement to install driveway. For this Claudia has to pay to Friendly Paving Co.
For this if she transfers her right of receiving the payment from Clifford towards Friendly Paving co. then she announces Friendly Paving Co. to be a creditor beneficiary.
Answer:
Re = 15.29%
Explanation:
beta at current debt level:
11.5% = 5% + (beta x 6%)
6.5% = 6%beta
beta = 6.5% / 6 = 1.083
unlevered beta = 1.083 / {1 + [(1 - tax rate) x debt / equity]} = 1.083 / {1 + [(1 - 40%) x 25 / 75]} = 1.083 / 1.2 = 0.9025
cost of levered beta at 60% debt:
0.9025 = beta / {1 + [(1 - 40%) x 60 / 40]}
0.9025 x 1.9 = beta
beta = 1.7148
Re = 5% + (1.7148 x 6%) = 15.29%
Available options are:
A. The sale would be proper only upon requisite approval by the appropriate number of directors and at no more than Shephard's cost, thus precluding his profiting from the sale to the corporation.
B. The sale would be void under the self-dealing rule.
C. The sale would be proper and Shephard would not have to account to the corporation for his profit if the sale was approved by a disinterested majority of the directors.
D. The sale would not be proper, if sold for the present fair value of the property, without the approval of all of the directors in these circumstances.
Answer:
C. The sale would be proper and Shephard would not have to account to the corporation for his profit if the sale was approved by a disinterested majority of the directors.
Explanation:
The reason is that the transaction is arms length transaction and in this transaction the payer pays the amount that he must pay for an equivalent item which we call an fair value payment. The receiver here is a director though but he is receiving an legitimate price and this price is fair value of the property so he is not required to mention his profit share because the company is paying him fair value of the property.
Answer:
n = 150.06
Explanation:
Since the confidence c = 95% = 0.95
α = 1 - 0.95 = 0.05
z score of 0.025 is the same as the z score of 0.5 - 0.025 = 0.475
From the probability table, 
Also E = 0.08
Therefore the sample size n is given by:
n = 150.06
The sample must be at least 150.06 to be 95% sure that a point estimate will be within a distance of 0.08 from p
