General expression is;
Pressure = Force/Area
In which,
Pressure = Required pressure + Atmospheric pressure = (1.2*10^5) + (101325) = 221325 Pa = 221325 N/m^2
Area = πD^2/4 = π*0.035^2/4 = 9.621*10^-4 m^2
Therefore,
Force, F = Pressure*Area = 221325*9.621*10^-4 = 212.94 N
(a). If the temperature of a substance is increased the density of it will also increased. The temperature is directly proportional to the density because the molecular activity of the substance will be affected by the temperature
(b).The mass of the substance doesn't at all. Because the amount of matter inside the substance cannot be affected by the temperature except that its water
Explanation:
The De-Broglie wavelength in terms of potential difference is given by:

Where,
h is Planck's constant
m is mass of charged particle
V is potential difference
e is the amount of charge
It means that the De-Broglie wavelength is inversely proportional to the mass.
Since, the mass of the proton is more than the mass of the electron. So, the De- Broglie wavelength of the electron is larger than proton.
When we double the distance between a source of light and the
surface on which it falls, the amount of illumination on the surface
decreases to <em>one fourth (1/4, 0.25))</em> of the original illumination.
I think the answer would be
C.Electrons
Hope this helps