I believe the answer is: <span>operant conditioning
In </span><span>operant conditioning, the use of rewards and punishment is being done in order encourage or discourage the subject to do a certain behavior.
For example, let say a parent would scold the child when he's not doing homework and would let the child watch tv if he finish his homework. This situation would encourage the child to finish the homework in the pursuit of the rewards and avoidance of the punishment.
<h2>After they heard that they ran away, or tried to get away because they know that they could fall in the water. The ice cracks and falls in water fast.</h2>