In the diagram shown, satellite S moves in a circular orbit around the Earth (E) in a counterclockwise direction.
1 answer:
The characteristics of the velocity vector used to find the results for the direction of acceleration and velocity are:
- Acceleration is towards the center of the circle
- The velocity is tangent to the circle counterclockwise.
Newton's Second Law establishes a relationship between force, mass and acceleration of bodies.
<h3>Centripetal acceleration. </h3>
In the case of circular motion there is a constant change in the direction of the velocity vector, even when its module remains constant, this change in direction points towards the center of the circle, so that the module is constant.
They indicate that the satellite is moving counterclockwise, therefore the speed must go to the left (counterclockwise) tangential to the circle.
In conclusion using the characteristics of the velocity vector we can find the results for the direction of acceleration and velocity are:
- Acceleration is towards the center of the circle
- The velocity is tangent to the circle counterclockwise.
Learn more about centripetal acceleration here: brainly.com/question/25243603
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Answer:
a) the reflective surface has twice the energy transfer
b) A = 1.3 10²⁷ km²
c) the energy emitted by the sun is distributed in a sphere that depends on the square of the distance, and the gravitational force depends on the square of the distance
Explanation:
a) The pressure exerted on the candle is related to the variation of the momentum
P =
in a case of absorption (inelastic shock) all the energy is absorbed therefore the pressure is
P = \frac{1}{c} \ \frac{dp}{dt}
in the case of reflection (elastic shock) an energy is absorbed by absorbing the light and then by action and reaction the same energy is absorbed in the reflected light
P = 2 \frac{1}{c} \ \frac{dp}{dt}
In conclusion, the reflective surface has twice the energy transfer.
b) pressure is defined with force per unit area
P = F / A
F = P A
this force must be greater than the gravitational force of attraction of the sun
Fg = G m Ms / r²
let's look for the case that the two forces are equal
F = Fg
P A_sail = G m Ms = r²
suppose a fully reflective sail
The pointing vector is the power delivered per unit area
S = I = P / A
where A is the area of the sphere where the is distributed by the sun
A = 4π r²
we substitute
A_{sail} = G m M_s
A = G m M_s 2π c
let's calculate
A = 6.67 10⁻¹¹ 10000 2 10³⁰ 2π 3 10⁸
A = 1,257 10³³ m²
let's reduce to km²
A = 1.3 10³³ m² (1km / 10³ m) ²
A = 1.3 10²⁷ km²
c) The size of the candle is independent of the distance to the sun because the energy emitted by the sun is distributed in a sphere that depends on the square of the distance, and the gravitational force depends on the square of the distance, therefore the two dependencies are canceled.