The tree diagram of the problem above is attached
There are four outcomes of the two events,
First test - Cancer, Second Test - Cancer, the probability is 0.0396
First test - Cancer, Second Test - No Cancer, the probability is 0.0004
First test - No Cancer, Second Test - There is cancer, the probability is 0.0096
First test - No cancer, Second Test - No cancer, the probability is 0.9054
The probability of someone picked at random has cancer given that test result indicates cancer is

The probability of someone picked at random has cancer given that test result indicates no cancer is
Production possibilities frontier, PPF, is defined as a representation of the point at which a country’s economy is most efficiently producing its goods and services. Efficient production means allocating its resources in the best way possible.
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The points in the PPF shifts outward. The more efficient production is the more the PPF shifts outward. With this in mind, any point found inside the PPF means that there is inefficient resource allocation. If the PPF shifts inward, it means that the efficiency production is regressing and available resources are not fully used to its potential which will lead to a downward turn of the economy.
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Our answer would be 134.6
Not a function because of the vertical line test.
Domain is [-2,∞] since the left most point is -2 and the right is unbounded.
Range is (-∞,∞) since it is not bounded in terms of y.
Absolute value describes how far away a number is from 0
The absolute value of a number is always positive even if you are looking at the absolute value of a negative number.
Examples
The absolute value of 6 = 6
The absolute value of -6 = 6