Answer:
<u>Biofilms are</u> defined as complex communities of microorganisms that grow embedded in a self-produced polymeric organic matrix and adhered to a living or inert surface, and that can present a single microbial species or a range of different species
Explanation:
The bacteria that form the biofilm are in what is called sessile form, exhibiting a phenotype different from those of the same cells in unicellular or free form (planktonic form) with respect to the growth rate and gene transcription (Donlan, 2002 ).
<u>
The formation</u> of biofilms is an adaptive strategy of microorganisms, since growth in biofilm offers four important advantages: (I) protects microorganisms from the action of adverse agents, (II) increases the availability of nutrients for their growth, (III) facilitates the use of water, reducing the possibility of dehydration and (IV) enables the transfer of genetic material (DNA). All of these circumstances can increase your survival capabilities. As a consequence, <u>the usual methods of disinfection or the use of antibiotics are often ineffective against biofilm bacteria</u>.
In addition to the risk of contamination, the development of biofilms can interfere with different processes and cause damage to the equipment. In drinking water systems the formation of biofilms can obstruct the pipes reducing their speed and transport capacity causing an increase in energy consumption. The formation of biofilm in heat exchangers and cooling towers can reduce heat transfer and as a consequence its efficiency in the process. The formation of persistent biofilms on metal surfaces can cause corrosion due to acid production by bacteria.
Answer:
Gibberellins were extracted from <em>Bacteria</em>
The words for the descriptions are food chain, trophic level, energy pyramid, high diversity, low diversity, etc. respectively.
<h3>Ecology</h3>
- The feeding relationship that exists among organisms is termed the food chain.
- Each step in the transfer of energy and matter in a community is termed the trophic level.
- A community or group of living organisms that live in and interact with each other in a specific environment is termed an ecosystem.
- A diagram that compares the energy used by producers, primary consumers, and other trophic levels is known as the energy pyramid.
- An ecosystem with a high number of species is said to be of high diversity.
- An ecosystem with a few prominent species and a low number of other species is said to be of low diversity.
- Organisms that feed on and break down organic matter are said to be decomposers.
- Organisms that can make their own food in the ecosystem are termed, producers.
- Animals that feed on flesh are called carnivores.
- A system of interlocking and interdependent food chains is called a food web.
More on ecology can be found here: brainly.com/question/13046612
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Answer:
Thyroid hormones
Explanation:
Animals and people exposed to pesticides such as insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides, have shown to be affected by their effect on the thyroid. These chemicals can produce endocrine alterations acting as thyroid disrupters. They affect many mechanisms in the organisms such as inhibition of thyroid iodine uptake, <u><em>interference with the thyroid hormone receptor</em></u>, binding to transport proteins, among others. They cause toxicity in the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis.
There are many studies that associate thyroid diseases with exposure to organochloride pesticides. Significant alteration in the TSH, T3, and T4 levels have been expressed by people directly or indirectly exposed to the chemicals.
The piano could only be played with 12 fingers, which is rare because humans normally have ten fingers.
