Answer:
d
Explanation:
A good has positive externality if the benefits to third parties not involved in production is greater than the cost. an example of an activity that generates positive externality is research and development. Due to the high cost of R & D, they are usually under-produced. Government can encourage the production of activities that generate positive externality by granting subsidies.
A good has negative externality if the costs to third parties not involved in production is greater than the benefits. an example of an activity that generates negative externality is pollution. Pollution can be generated at little or no cost, so they are usually overproduced. Government can discourage the production of activities that generate negative externality by taxation. Taxation increases the cost of production and therefore discourages overproduction. Tax levied on externality is known as Pigouvian tax.
Government can regulate the amount of externality produced by placing an upper limit on the amount of negative externality permissible
Coase theorem has been proposed as a solution to externality. According to this theory, when there are conflicting property rights, bargaining between parties involved can lead to an efficient outcome only if the bargaining cost is low
Another solution to negative externality is through the activities of charities. Charities can raise donations to limit or regulate the activities of firms that constitutes a negative externality.
Answer:
Consider the following explanations
Explanation:
Q1.) the short run fluctuations in the real GDp is known as the business cycles.
Q2.)yes , it is true that Short-term fluctuations in real GDP are irregular and unpredictable.
Q3.) A decrease in real GDPcoincide with declining personal income, and falling corporate profits. As incomes decline consumer spending also decline on retail goods and services and on durable goods, such asautomobiles. Households also contribute to declining investment expenditures by purchasing fewernew homes. As households spend less on products, firms cut back on industrial production and curbinvestment expenditures on physical capital.The unemployment rate tends to rise during periods of falling real GDP as firms cut back on productionand lay off workers. The unemployment rate tends to fall during economic expansions as firms expands production and hire additional workers.
Answer:
Product costs= $259,700
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Direct materials $ 168,800
Direct labor $ 90,900
<u>The product costs are all expenses directly involved in the production. It generally involves the prime costs (direct material and direct labor).</u>
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Product costs= direct material + direct labor
Product costs= 168,800 + 90,900
Product costs= $259,700
Answer:
GDP as Gross Domestic Product
Explanation:
GDP termed as or stands for Gross Domestic Product, which is a broadest measure of total or aggregate economic activity of the nation in the terms of quantitative evaluation.
GDP states the monetary value of all the services and goods or products with the geographic borders of the nation over the particular period or time.
So, in this case, the aggregate value of all the goods and services by which the economic condition is assessed is referred to as GDP (Gross Domestic Product).
Answer:
best combination of resources to use to produce a product.
Explanation:
Capitalism also referred to as free-enterprise system or free market can be defined as a type of economy in which prices, products and services are being determined by the market rather than the government. Thus, capitalism is devoid (free) of government regulations, interference or control because the market (enterprises) are the ones who are saddled with the responsibility of determining the market forces.
Simply stated, a pure capitalism is a type of economy that is completely driven by demand and supply of goods and services.
In a society, the role of an entrepreneur is mainly focused on bringing the four (4) factors of production together and take the risks of producing output, so as to generate revenue through sales and make economic profits in the long-run.
Hence, the profit and loss system of capitalism helps entrepreneurs determine best combination of resources to use to produce a product.
