This answer would be infrared light. Hope that helps!
Answer:
ATP production: reduced
Proton gradient: Dissipated
pH of the various mitochondrial compartments: pH of matrix will be reduced while that of the intermembrane space will be increased.
Explanation:
During oxidation of FADH2 and NADH, electrons are transferred through electron transport chain to the terminal electron acceptor, molecular oxygen. Electron transfer by the electrons carriers of electron transport chain is accompanied by the pumping of protons from matrix to the intermembrane space and generation of the proton concentration gradient. The proton concentration gradient drives ATP synthesis.
According to the given information, DNP shuttles protons from the intermembrane space into the matrix and thereby, lowers down the pH of the matrix making it more acidic with respect to intermembrane space. This would dissipate the proton concentration gradient and there will be reduced or no ATP production in the absence of the driving force.
Answer:
1. Earth's temperature is maintained by re radiated infra red radiation by green green house gases and slightly by water vapors in atmosphere. These gases prevent heat from escaping to outer space, so are functionally comparable to glass panel of green house. Thus, this heating effect is referred to as green house effect. Carbon dioxide is a green house gas so increased amount of this gas in the atmosphere will result in increased atmospheric temperature and global warming.
2. Three sources of atmospheric carbon dioxide are:
- Volcanic eruption
- Respiration by plants and animals
- Decomposition of organic substance.
Explanation:
- <u>Overall rise in temperature </u>of the Earth due to excessive amount of green house gases in atmosphere that trap heat radiating from Earth's surface is called Global warming.
- Global warming can cause melting of ice caps, alteration of seasons, destruction of forest and increase in deserts.
- Green house gases include carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, nitrous oxide, and nitrogen dioxide etc.
- Among all these gases Carbon dioxide is the major component that is responsible for global warming.
- Carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere by burning of fossil fuels, volcanic eruption and respiration. But Burning of fossil fuels itself adds about 18 X 10¹² tonnes of CO₂ anually.
- Global warming has become a major environmental concern now and needs to be controlled immediately.
Inbreeding refers to sexual reproduction between genetically close individuals.
Interbreeding refers to reproduction with another species or race. Interbreeding is basically the same as cross-breeding.
Answer:
1. Sarcolemma
2. T-Tubule
3. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
4. Terminal Cisternae
5. Myofibrils
6. Myofilament
7.Thick filament
8. Thin filament
Explanation:
These are all parts of the skeletal muscle and they are all involved in the contraction of your muslces.
The sacrolemma is also known as the myolemma. It is a specialized plasma membrane of the skeletal muscle cell. It is an excitable membrane that shares similarities to the cell membrane of a neuron cell.
The T-tubule extends from the sarcolemma to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). This is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the muscle cell. When the sarcolemma gets excited, it triggers the SR to release the calcium ions stored in it. The release of Calcium ions triggers the contraction of myofilaments.
There are two types of myofilaments, the thick myofilament and the thin myofilament. These myofilaments contain contractile proteins, actin and myosin. Thick myofilaments contain myosin where one thick myofilament contains 300 myosin molecules. Thin myofilaments contain contractile and regulatory proteins. These myofilamens make up myofibrils.
