Both flagella and pili are extensions from the bacterial cell body. Flagella are like a whip or a tail while pili are best described as hairlike.A pilus is a hairlike appendage found on the surface of many bacteria.
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Climate change is the greatest global threat to coral reef ecosystems. Scientific evidence now clearly indicates that the Earth's atmosphere and ocean are warming, and that these changes are primarily due to greenhouse gases derived from human activities.
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As temperatures rise, mass coral bleaching events and infectious disease outbreaks are becoming more frequent. Additionally, carbon dioxide absorbed into the ocean from the atmosphere has already begun to reduce calcification rates in reef-building and reef-associated organisms by altering seawater chemistry through decreases in pH. This process is called ocean acidification.
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Climate change will affect coral reef ecosystems, through sea level rise, changes to the frequency and intensity of tropical storms, and altered ocean circulation patterns. When combined, all of these impacts dramatically alter ecosystem function, as well as the goods and services coral reef ecosystems provide to people around the globe.
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The correct answer is (c) the moon' gravity
The moon's gravity causes oceans to bulge. The moon's gravitational power is responsible for the rising and falling tides.The moon affects the ocean on the sides of the planet facing and facing away from it which causes oceans to bulge away from the earth. On one side ocean bulges away from the earth as planet is being pulled towards the moon and on the other side the ocean bulges towards the moon. Bulges facing towards the moon is high tides and bulges not facing towards moon is low tides.
