The final coding sequence, GGGC, is the same as the original in all sequences shown. The initial coding sequence differs from ATTTGC in sequences
  1 and 5
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Changes in the red non-coding sequences are also seen in sequences 1, 2, and 4. While these changes may not lead to a faulty protein, they may alter the way it is expressed or the effect it has. (Your question does not seem to be concerned with these changes.)
        
             
        
        
        
Answer: Coenzymes 
Explanation:
Coenzymes are the small organic molecules that are often derived from the vitamins. It can be tightly or loosely bond to the enzymes.
Tighly bond ones are the prothestic groups and loosely bond ones are coenzymes like the products and substrate which binds to the enzyme and get released from it.
This component is very important for any reaction to take place. It bonds to the enzymes and helps in product formation.
 
        
             
        
        
        
5 is C -- mutation. 
I can't read all of 6-- sorry!
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Can  please provide the options.