Answer: depolarization; hyperpolarization
Explanation:
At resting potential (absence of stimulus), the cell membrane of a neuron is said to be polarized with a net negative charge within due to more potassium (K+) ions present than sodium (Na+) ions.
However, an impressed stimuli reverses the ions content as K+ ions flows out and quickly replaced by Na+ ions, resulting in a decrease in membrane potential and a more positive cell membrane. Thus, depolarization occurs.
An increase in the membrane potential (so that it becomes more negative) is called hyperpolarization.
Answer:
b. How does food yield energy?
Explanation:
The main question is how energy is produced from food such as carbohydrates, fats and proteins etc. First the carbohydrate is converted into glucose molecule and then glucose is absorbed by the cell and is broken down in the mitochondria of the cell with the addition of oxygen and generate energy in the form of adenine tri phosphate. All the scientists wants to know that how a food is converted into energy.
B. Hydrogen Bonds connect nitrogenous bases together
