The biosphere is made up of all living things (organisms).
The biosphere includes animals, biomes, population, communities, and ecosystems. The biomes are climate regions which can contain certain types of animals and plants. An ecosystem is all living things in one specific area, also such as plants, animals, and organisms.
Answer:
b. Nucleotides
Explanation:
Nucleic acids are examples of structures formed from nucleotides. And in relation to the composition of DNA, we have the formation of the largest cellular macromolecule, all formed by nucleotides.
The nucleotide is a group formed by the association of 3 molecules - a nitrogen base, a phosphate group and a pentose glycide. Thus, we may have variations within these ligands, such as: in DNA we have the presence of pentose deoxyribose, while in RNA we have the presence of pentose ribose.
The nucleotides have differences in relation to its nitrogen base, which can be purine or pyrimidine. Purine bases vary in Adenine and Guanine, while pyrimidine bases are classified in Thymine, Uracil and Cytosine. Purine and pyrimidine bases are complementary and each have specific binders. Thus, we have that the purine base Adenina, binds with the pyrimidine bases Timina and Uracila, while the base Guanina binds exclusively to Cytosine and vice versa.
<span>Ian Waterman was able to sense pain and temperature because his
spinothalamic pathway was intact, but could not feel touch and limb position because of damage to his
lemniscus pathway. </span>
The lateral spinothalamic tract is a sensory pathway which carries sensory information like pain and temperature to the brain, across the thalamus. Free nerve endings which are located in the peripheral tissues are sensitive to cell damage. Those are primary neurons and they pass the sensory signal. Primary neurons synapse with secondary which are located in the spinal cord (white matter). These secondary neurons will ascend through the brainstem, medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain, until synapsing in the ventroposteriorlateral (VPL) nucleus of the thalamus. From the thalamus, the information is sent to cortex (somatosensory cortex).
Posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway is ascending spinal tract, carrying sensory information to the brain (sensory pathway). It conducts localized sensations of fine touch, vibration and proprioception (position sense) from the skin and extremities (muscles) to the central nervous system (cerebral cortex).
There are two types of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Most of the time when people refer to “cell division,” they mean mitosis, the process of making new body cells. Meiosis is the type of cell division that creates egg and sperm cells. Mitosis is a fundamental process for life.
