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tankabanditka [31]
2 years ago
15

Briefly describe how the structure of each molecule differs

Chemistry
1 answer:
son4ous [18]2 years ago
8 0

Answer:

A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. A compound is a substance which is formed by two or more different types of elements which are united chemically in a fixed proportion. All molecules are not compounds. All compounds are molecules.

You might be interested in
A major component of gasoline is octane (C8H18). When liquid octane is burned in air it reacts with oxygen gas to produce carbon
Paraphin [41]

Answer:

The answer to your question is 0.4 moles of Oxygen

Explanation:

Data

Octane (C₈H₈)

Oxygen (O₂)

Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

Water (H₂O)

moles of water = ?

moles of Oxygen = 1

Balanced chemical reaction

                   C₈H₈  +10O₂  ⇒   8CO₂  +  4H₂O

              Reactant     Element     Products

                    8                 C                 8

                    8                 H                 8  

                   20                O               20  

Use proportions to solve this problem

                  10 moles of Oxygen ----------------- 4 moles of water

                    1 mol of Oxygen     ------------------ x

                    x = (4 x 1) / 10

                    x = 4 / 10

                    x = 0.4 moles of water

7 0
3 years ago
Rank the following elements by effective nuclear charge, Zeff, for a valence electron. F LI Be B N
Stels [109]

Answer:

Rank in increasing order of effective nuclear charge:

  • Li < Be < B < N < F

Explanation:

This explains the meaning of effective nuclear charge, Zeff, how to determine it, and the calculations for a valence electron of each of the five given elements: F, Li, Be, B, and N.

<u>1) Effective nuclear charge definitions</u>

  • While the total positive charge of the atom nucleus (Z) is equal to the number of protons, the electrons farther away from the nucleus experience an effective nuclear charge (Zeff) less than the total nuclear charge, due to the fact that electrons in between the nucleus and the outer electrons partially cancel the atraction from the nucleus.

  • Such effect on on a valence electron is estimated as the atomic number less the number of electrons closer to the nucleus than the electron whose effective nuclear charge is being determined: Zeff = Z - S.

<u><em>2) Z eff for a F valence electron:</em></u>

  • F's atomic number: Z = 9
  • Total number of electrons: 9 (same numer of protons)
  • Period: 17 (search in the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
  • Number of valence electrons:  7 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
  • Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 9 - 7 = 2
  • Zeff = Z - S = 9 - 2 = 7

<u><em>3) Z eff for a Li valence eletron:</em></u>

  • Li's atomic number: Z = 3
  • Total number of electrons: 3 (same number of protons)
  • Period: 1 (search on the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
  • Number of valence electrons: 1 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
  • Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 3 - 1 = 2
  • Z eff = Z - S = 3 - 2 = 1.

<em>4) Z eff for a Be valence eletron:</em>

  • Be's atomic number: Z = 4
  • Total number of electrons: 4 (same number of protons)
  • Period: 2 (search on the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
  • Number of valence electrons: 2 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
  • Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 4 - 2 = 2
  • Z eff = Z - S = 4 - 2 = 2

<u><em>5) Z eff for a B valence eletron:</em></u>

  • B's atomic number: Z = 5
  • Total number of electrons: 5 (same number of protons)
  • Period: 13 (search on the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
  • Number of valence electrons: 3 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
  • Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 5 - 3 = 2
  • Z eff = Z - S = 5 - 2 = 3

<u><em>6) Z eff for a N valence eletron:</em></u>

  • N's atomic number: Z = 7
  • Total number of electrons: 7 (same number of protons)
  • Period: 15 (search on the periodic table or do the electron configuration)
  • Number of valence electrons: 5 (equal to the last digit of the period's number)
  • Number of electrons closer to the nucleus than a valence electron: S = 7 - 5 = 2
  • Z eff = Z - S = 7 - 2 = 5

<u><em>7) Summary (order):</em></u>

  Atom          Zeff for a valence electron

  • F                   7
  • Li                   1
  • Be                 2
  • B                   3
  • N                   5

  • <u>Conclusion</u>: the order is Li < Be < B < N < F
6 0
3 years ago
How much is one liter
Bas_tet [7]

Answer:

1 litre = 1000 millilitres

8 0
3 years ago
A 59.1g sample of aluminum is put into a calorimeter (see sketch at right) that contains 250.0g of water. The aluminum sample st
Rainbow [258]

Answer:

The specific heat capacity of aluminum according to this experiment is 0.863 J/g°C

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of aluminium = 59.1 grams

Mass of water = 250.0 grams

Initial temperature of aluminium = 91.3 °C

Initial temperature of water = 16.0 °C

Final temperature = 19.5 °C

Pressure remains constant

Specific heat capacity of water = 4.186 J/g°C

Step 2: Calculate specific heat of aluminium

Heat lost = heat gained

Qlost = -Q heat

Q = m*c*ΔT

heat aluminium = - heat water

m(aluminium) * c(aluminium) * ΔT(aluminium) = -m(water) * c(water) * ΔT(water)

⇒m(aluminium) = mass of aluminium = 59.1 grams

⇒c(aluminium) = the specific heat of aluminium = TO BE DETERMINED

⇒ΔT = the change in temperature = T2 -T2 = 19.5 - 91.3 = -71.8 °C

⇒ m(water) = 250.0 grams

⇒c(water) = the specific heat of water = 4.186 J/g°C

⇒ΔT = the change in temperature = T2 -T2 = 19.5 - 16.0 = 3.5 °C

59.1 * c(aluminium) * -71.8 °C = 250.0 * 4.186 J/g°C * 3.5 °C

c(aluminium) = 0.863 J/g°C

The specific heat capacity of aluminum according to this experiment is 0.863 J/g°C

3 0
3 years ago
G. Amount of charge required to reduce
Nady [450]

Answer:

\boxed{\text{c) 4 F}}

Explanation:

1. Write the skeleton equation for the half-reaction

NO₃⁻ ⟶ N₂O

2. Balance all atoms other than H and O

2NO₃⁻ ⟶ N₂O

3. Balance O by adding H₂O molecules to the deficient side.

2NO₃⁻ ⟶ N₂O + 5H₂O

4. Balance H by adding H⁺ ions to the deficient side.

2NO₃⁻ + 10H⁺ ⟶ N₂O + 5H₂O

5. Balance charge by adding electrons to the deficient side.

2NO₃⁻ + 10H⁺ + 8e⁻ ⟶ N₂O + 5H₂O

The amount of charge required to reduce 2 mol of NO₃⁻ is 8 F

\text{The amount of charge required to reduce 1 mol of NO$_{3}^{-}$ is \boxed{\textbf{4 F}}}

4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
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